ADHD
About ADHD
What is ADHD?
ADHD is a chronic condition characterized by patterns of inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity that are more severe, frequent, and disruptive than typical age related behavior. These symptoms interfere with daily functioning, productivity, relationships, and self esteem.
ADHD exists on a spectrum, meaning no two people experience it exactly the same way. Some individuals struggle primarily with focus and organization, while others experience impulsivity, hyperactivity, and emotional intensity.
Types of ADHD
Predominantly Inattentive Presentation
Inattentive ADHD involves trouble focusing, forgetfulness, and disorganization without hyperactivity. Signs include daydreaming, missed details, lost items, and deadline struggles.
Predominantly Hyperactive Impulsive Presentation
Hyperactive impulsive ADHD involves restlessness, impulsivity, and trouble slowing down. Signs include fidgeting, interrupting, risk taking, and feeling constantly "on the go."
Combined Presentation
Combined type ADHD includes inattention and hyperactivity, making focus, time management, and emotional regulation challenging often with mental or physical restlessness.
What Causes ADHD?
ADHD is a neurobiological condition, meaning it’s rooted in brain structure and function. Research identifies several contributing factors:
Genetics
ADHD has a strong genetic component, with studies showing it runs in families. Children with a parent or sibling with ADHD are much more likely to have it themselves.
Brain Development & Function
Brain imaging studies reveal that individuals with ADHD often have differences in brain structure, connectivity, and dopamine regulation, particularly in areas responsible for attention, impulse control, and executive functioning.
Environmental Factors
Genetics are key in ADHD, but factors like premature birth, low birth weight, prenatal exposure to toxins, or early childhood stress can increase risk.
Co-Occurring Conditions
Many with ADHD also face co-occurring conditions like anxiety, depression, sleep disorders, or learning disabilities, making diagnosis and care more complex.
How is ADHD Diagnosed?
ADHD diagnosis is based on comprehensive clinical evaluation there is no single test. Diagnosis typically includes:
Clinical Interview
The provider reviews current symptoms, developmental history, academic and work performance, and family mental health history.
Symptom Rating Scales
Standardized ADHD symptom checklists help assess symptom severity across multiple environments, including home, school, or work.
Rule Out Other Conditions
Symptoms of ADHD overlap with many other conditions, including anxiety, depression, trauma, sleep disorders, and learning disabilities. A thorough evaluation rules out other causes of attention difficulties.
Multi Source Input
Input from parents, teachers, partners, or supervisors (when appropriate) helps confirm how symptoms appear across different settings.
Other Services
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